Telephone system



July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30, 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 1 m lJmln m s .Flllll E r m, m mm. U m fi W 2m. Eu II E I M r 2 3 E a mm 1 m .I H E n mi mu 5 n .m .m L a a: $2 I S {In S E J m S E mm II} ME mm. m Ii; n n mm m; I! E m mw mm -U ll H mm T H L July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30, 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor'- Herberi-H-Frien [11y W, M

y 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Fild Oct. :50.

1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 5 Invenlur- Herberl-P'I-Ffiendl July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30, 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor- Her-b erl-H-Frien dly WP July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY 1,917,024

TELEPHCNE SYSTEM Original Filed 001:. 30. 1922 16 Sheets$heet 5 July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY 1,917,024

TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 6 V Inv eniur- Barbed-Wm July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet 7 Inventor'- HerheflP'IFfiend] W M AHL-I July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed 001;. 30. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet 8 a. R n 3 Inv Enter Herb eri-P'I-Friendl W Aim July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY 1,917,024

TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 1 Sheets$heet 9 F'iqEL Inventor- Herb er1-I"I-Friendly y 1933- H. M. FRIENDLY 1,917,024

TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet 10 Inveninr- Herb eri-P'I-Friendly July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet l1 AER Inveninr Herb eri-PI-Fnendl WV M/ Jul 4, 1933.

H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 50. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet 12 Inveninr Herb er'iP'If 'lgmilu July 4, 1933. M FRlENDLY 1,917,024

TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 13 Makes firs} Invenlnr- I Herherl-PI-Frienfilg July 4, 1933- H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 14 July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 30. 1922 16 Sheets-Sheet 15 Inveniur' HerherH' Fr'iendly W,

July 4, 1933. H. M. FRIENDLY TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Oct. 50. 1922 1 Sheets-Sheet l6 5 \hw/ x bmmufimp 5 2mm m i T M A J Qm 1L mu m m m m m v U m H Q E IEHIUE l lt Mm an NT. a. 6 M r um mmfi U E C T .Nvh hum R om m E Mm E2 n *T- Em mi EU I C P Go a 1| a1 AMMMN g ill a l C I. l1 in Xv a QR 1 l l L I L C P m Am w ANN .xwvu a T C P ,0

Patented July 4, 1933 UNITE]? STATES HERBERT H. FRIENDLY,

PATENT, oar-ice OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; MILTON 8. FRIENDLY AND TRUE! COMPANY OF ILLINOIS EXECUIOBB CF SAID HERBERT H. FBIENDLY DECEASED The present ,invention has for its broad objects the'improvement of operating and the toll system enter the toll exchange district. The latter said 'toll exchange district will usually also comprise a local exchange district as well wherein toll trunking equipments and trunks will be grouped with the correspondinglocal exchange equipments and trunks.

Where toll lines enter a switching center, which is a lar e city, geographical conditions are often suc that the lines will enter the city from all sides, or at least not all at the same point. Thus, it becomes necessary to either lead all lines through cable or aerial lines to some central point, or to install the manual switchboard at the edge of-the city convenient to.certain entering'lines, and inconvenient to others. In commercial operation this will mean that connections to certain local exchange lines'will be prejudiced more than others, depending uponwhat point in the city'local exchange the call terminates.

' .That is to say, for example, if a toll line entore the city at its southern boundary and the 1 central switching oilice is located at the center,

'back switching will be'entailed if the terminating local exchange telephone of the call is also located near its southern boundary. Where calls are routed through the-city, 1t

thus means switching in and out thereofg If the two lines concerned enter at the same, boundary back switching will be entailed,

' and if the lines enter at opposite boundaries,

' switchin 40 across the city will be entailed. Thus, w ile it may be advantageous tolocate the toll switching ofiice in the center 'of the city for operating reasons due to the placing of originating calls by exchange'subscribers, it will not follow that the said ce tral location will be the most economic location when speech transmission factors are considered. 7 a The present invention contemplates locating the toll switching center at the most con venient point from switching operating con? rnmnonn srsrmr Application filed October 30,1828, Serial No. 587). lencwed November 18, 1825.

siderations almost wholly, and then leading the various toll lines enterin the cit into the most convenient local excise e 0 as or provided toll ofice near the boun ary of the city at which it enters. Thus, the various toll lines ofthe system entering the cit may terminate at widely difl'erent points therein, though the operating department will be ldcated centra 1y without special consideration of speech transmission factors. toll line will preferably, though not'necessarily, terminate in a switch which has access to trunk lines, or other toll lines. The toll lines are then extended to the central office over conductors which may not be of high speech transmission efliciency. The latter extensions will include control circuits auxiliary thereto of perhaps small gauge cable, or the control circuits ma be derived from the said line extensions rom the toll line rminating switch to the central oflice. The said trunk lines accessible to the toll line terminating switches will extend to so called local tollselectors used exclusively for toll service in theexchangemr they may lead to the general local exchange selectors. Other trunk lines accessible from the said toll line switches may lead around the city border, rhaps aerially, toother oflices at V which to 1 lines enter the city and terminate in switches as in the case aforesaid with reference to entering toll lines. Each latter safid trunk line will terminate at its far end in a switch having access to the toll lines enteringth haps trunk lines extendin ficesat which toll lines enter t e city, as well as to local exchange toll selectors having access to the selectors of the selector systememployed in com letin'g connection from toll, lines to local exc ange lines, as well as other local selectors, perha s;

The tolllines term nating in switches may not or ma be arran ed to permit directive control of from the remote end. However, they are preferably arranged so that'the calling toll operator at theremote end of the toll line may the; city toll operator over the 'swit'eheboard extension of the toll 'line by Each 9 oflice at which it is'located, and perto other ofthe switc es over the toll line signaling along the toll line as if no switch terminated same to gain the reslponse of the said cit toll operator throu a jack. The city toil operator can then irectively operate the switch on the toll line (located intermediate of the city toll operator and the calling operator on the toll line), to extend the connection from the said switch to another toll line directly, or over a trunk or trunks in tandem, to complete a desired connection. The city toll operator can, if desired, extend the connection from the switch of the calling toll line to a desired 10- cal exchange line, so that the connection will be extended in a direct forward path from the toll line to the local exchange line, and not first to the city operators switching position and then to the wanted exchange line wherein the extension from the toll line terminating switch to the jack on the city toll operators switching position will be tandemed as a link of the connection. It will thus appear that back switching will be wholly or in great part obviated. At least the most direct trunk path #perhaps involving a plurality of trunks) rom the entering terminus of the toll line to the wanted local exchange line or wanted toll line, will be taken; The

city toll operator will be enabled to supervise the connection audibly and by supervisory signal devices, 'such as lamps, and also cut the established connection and talk secretly with one end or the other at will, as if the call included a tandem linked path includin the switching cord-pair at the switching position of the city toll operator. It also provides for the city toll operator destroying the connection linked through the switches, at will, as by withdrawing the plug from the jack,'for example. Where the call is to be extended to a second toll line, the call will route over a trunk or trunks from the toll line terminating switch directly to the wanted toll line, the linkin of the latter said connection being remote y controlled by the city toll operator as if the call were destined to a local exchange line. a

Provision is made so that the city toll operator may, after responding to a call, set the switch terminating the calling toll line so that the operatorat the remote end thereof may directively establish a connection therethrough, enabling the city toll operator to forthwith disconnect from the line before the operator at the remote end of the toll line starts directive operation.

the said remote toll operator disconnecting from the toll line, as by withdrawing the svivitching plug from the line jack, for examp e.

Means are provided whereby the operator at the remote end of the toll line can, by a plying ringing current in bridge of the tal mg conductors of the toll line, signal the city operator, without affecting the interposed terminating switches at the city end of the toll line. The city toll operator upon responding, may complete the call from the answering jack throu h the agency of an ordinary switching cor -pair as a tandemed link, or as referred to wherein the terminating switch intermediate of the remote end of the toll line and 'the city toll operator may be operated to alternatively extend it. Where the latter method is employed, a special jack companion to the answering jack of the toll line is employed. That is, if the call is to be normallyforwarcled through the agency of the switch terminating the toll line, a trunking jack specific to the toll line willbe employed. The plug companion to the answering plug will be employed in connection with the said companion jack. Thus, the city toll operator will perform essentially the same operative movements in extending a call from the toll line terminating switch, located perhaps at considerable distance from the switchboard, as would be entailed in extending the connection through a plug companion to the answeringplug and an exchange local toll selector or toll selector having no permanent linked relevancy to the specific toll line. Selectors of the latter class are well known in the art, used to complete connections from any of a plurality of toll lines when temporarily joined with the toll line by an operators switching cord-pair. However, under the present invention, the calls will not generally be extended through the cord-pair as a link, though as referred to, may be so extended, 1f desired. Where the callis extended through the agency of the toll line terminating switch to a tollfirst selector of the exchange, or to a toll selector of the toll trunking system, the switching operator will thus not necessarily know the routing, since the switching operation will not materially diifer from that wherein the irrelevant toll selector is employed, only that the specific companion trunking jack will be used. The latter has an operating advantage in obviating the necessity of the operator seeking an idle toll selector which may be common to a lurality of jacks accessible to a plurality of operators.

Having in mind that the foregoing contemplates that calls may be extended from a toll line to exchange lines or to toll lines entering the city at the same point as the calling line or at some remote point therefrom over the most direct trunk route, it will be understood that where a toll line is seized by a trunk ortoll line terminating switch in an outgoing call the switch of the seized line will be rendered disabled so far as being directively operated is concerned. After a response has been attained at the remote end of the called toll line, or before, the connection may be extended from the near end of the said toll line to a local line or to a toll line by the city toll operator inserting the switching plug companion to the one usedin the calling, and by operating the calling device directively forward the call to the desired line from the near toll line terminating switch, as if the call had been an originating call from the toll line to the city toll operator. That is, outgoing as well as incoming calls may be completed similarly through the directive extending of the call from the toll line terminating switch.

Auxiliary to the aforesaid mentioned switches terminating the tool lines in the city, are independent pairs of switches extending to a pair of jacks on the city toll switchboard. The said pairs of switches are located in the various toll line terminating oflices and have access to bank contacts multiplely with the toll line terminating switches. The latter said switches and the pair of jacks correspond, so that one of the said jacks may be connected with by means of a switching plug of a cord-pair and the corresponding switch directively operated to set its Wipers upon a toll line or a toll or an exchange trunk by way of completing a connection to a first called line. Then, the other jack may be connected with through the companion plug of that in the first said jack and the corresponding switch directively operated to set its wipers upon a toll line or a toll or an exchange local toll trunk by way of completing a connection to a second called line, whereby the two said called lines will be connected in talking relation. Of course, both acks may be connected with before any directive operation. However, signaling over the lines called may be done independently as if the said jacks lead directly to the switches or lines reached by the paired switches. Supervision is accorded the city toll operator as if the talking connection were held through the cord-pair employed as a link, whereas the talking path between the conferees actually exists directly between the paired switches, which may be at a distance from the city toll operators switchboard and connected therewith with conductors of low speech transmission eiiiciency. The city toll operator will be enabled to cut an established connection in either direction at will and talk secretly with the maintained end, as if the talking path between the connected lines existed through the operators cord-pair as atandem link. The connection will be destroyed at will by the city toll operator. The city toll operator therefore has means auxiliary to the toll line terminating switch whereby toll or local lines or mixed lines may be paired for talking wherein the link is common to a plurality of lines, but where the city toll operator will perform operative functions as if the cordpair employed were an actual tandem link. It will be clear, in this connection, that the toll line terminating switches may thus be dispensed with, and the extension of calls to and from the toll lines made through the agency of the independent paired switches located at the various toll line entering oiiices so as to have access to the toll lines and trunks at the point the toll lines enter. Of course the arrangement shown wherein the pairs of switches are employed as auxiliary switching agencies makes for more flexible switching.

In order to avoid abstracting excessive current constituting speech from connections, obstructing resistances or resistors are employed in the extensions to the city toll operators switchboard, but these resistances may be excluded at will, in the event the city toll operatordesircs to converse over the toll line, or if the. toll operator wishes to employ the said extensions as a tandem link of a connection between confcrecs. The employment of the obstructing resistances will lower the eii'ective electro-static capacity of the cable or other conductors extending towards the city toll operators switch-board, and thus preventing to a predetermined degree the attenuating of the speech between the conferees where they are connected directly through the switches terminating one of the toll lines, for example, or Where the connection is linked by a set of paired switches.

In order to insure the city toll operator knowing definitely what toll line is seized, a back-signaling means is shown in connect on with the said paired switches whereby when a toll line is seized, the city toll operator will be apprised by an indicating device of the seized line correspondingly operated by way of sending its specific signal code to the switchboard of the city toll operator directively establishing the said connection. A preferred alternative arrangement is provided whereby in lieu of the indicator visually apprising the calling city toll operator. an indicative tone will be applied to the toll line, audible to the latter said operator when the seizure of the line occurs, directed by the said operator. The indicating arrangements may be applied to the switches terminating the toll lines. but the latter adaptation has not been shown in order to not unduly involve the drawings and descriptions, though it is thought the specific application to any and all switches will be manifest.

Another feature of the invention is embodied in the selector of the local exchange toll trunks, wherein the selector antecedent to the connector is arranged so that the called line can be re-signaled after responding and restoring functions have ensued thereon. This may be accomplished alternatively by either applyin signaling alternating current in brl ge o the talking cpnductors of the connection from the calling end, or by applying directive impulses therefrom, as if a last switch were to be directively operated. Where a number of toll line links are involved in a connection, or where conditions are not favorable to apply operative current of the type stated in bridge of the talking conductors of the connection, the

method last mentioned will be employed. However, either stated method of re-signaling may be employed at the W111 of the calling operator, or other operator to the connection.

Other features and functions of the system of the present invention than those specifically mentioned will appear in the descriptions following With reference to the accompanying draw- Fig. 1 shows the line, trunk and equipment layout of the system contemplated under the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a pair of jacks and a leadingout trunk line, together with a cooperative cord-pair A2.

Fig. 3 shows a selector B3 terminating the trunk line shown in Fig. 2, together with an indicating control device H3 individual to an accessible line.

Fig. 4 is a selector O4 terminating the trunk line leading to selector B3, and is inter linked companion to the selector B3.

Fig. 5 shows a toll line leading to exchange equipment.

Fig. 6 shows a selector D6 terminating the toll line shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a toll line leading to exchange equipment.

Fig. 8 shows a selector E8 terminating the toll line shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 shows a toll line and a toll selector F9 terminating one end thereof.

Fig. 10 shows a. toll line and toll selector G10 terminating one end thereof.

Fig. 11 shows a selector H11 terminating the left-hand end of the line shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 12 shows a well known selector I12 accessible from selector H11, and other selectors of the group containing the selector H11.

Fig. 13 shows a selector K13 accessible from selector I12 and other selectors of the group containing the selector I12.

Fig. 14 shows a well known connector M14 accessible from selector K13 and other selectors of the group containing the selector K13. The connector M14 has access to exchange local lines. In addition to being accessible from selector K13 it is accessible from local selectors of the exchange system as indicated by D in Fig. 1.

Fig. 15 shows a jack connected to the line leading to selector F9.

Fig. 16 is a switching cord-pair.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing the assembly of various sheets of drawin s to show the joined arrangement of the igs. to display the equi ments involved in the system chosen to eluci ate the present invention.

Fig. 18 shows a modification of Fig. 13, 1ntroduced where indicated by the reference characters.

Fig. 19 shows a diagrammatic arrangement of trunk selectors F19, S19, N19 and connector C19, the latter having access to telephone T19. The selectors F19, S19 and N19 and the connector G19 are to be assumed as like selectors H11, I12 and K13 and connector M14, respectively. The wipers and bank contacts of the said selectors F19, S19, N19 and the connector C19 have the same numerical designations as the said references, but with a second added, to aid in correlating the corresponding parts.

With further reference to the various figures, the subscriber telephones shown are well known series automatic telephones having well known two-wire dial calling devices.

The latter type calling devices are also employed in connection with manual switching equipments.

The selectors shown belong to the general class as shown in U. S. patentto Keith, Erick- 1 son and Erickson, No. 815,321, granted March 13, 1906. In the present instance the selectors are modified to operate on the so-called two-wire principle. The automatic rotary feature shown in the selectors is well known in the art, but other features are novel, so far as I am aware.

The off-normal spring sets of the various switches operate upon the first oif-normal movement of the shaft carrying the wipers.

In order to avoid undue detailing, when functions are set forth with reference to switching cord-pairs wherein specific keys are provided for listening, signaling and other functions, when the statement is made that a certain condition exists at a stated time, it will be understood that the corresponding key or keys are operated and restored as the condition contemplates, without specifically stating what key operations have 9 been performed by the concerned operator or operators. 1

The operation of the system contemplated in the present invention will now be detailed with reference to certain assumed calls. Of course, other connections and functions will appear possible beyond those specifically detailed, since only sufficient assumed calls will be detailed as is considered necessary to impart a comprehensive understanding of the operation and scope of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will appear that the switches B3, C4, D6, E8 and F have access to bank contacts in corresponding multiple relation. These switches are in a 

